Silhouette

SILHOUETTE

            A silhouette including the image of a person, an object or scene consisting of the outline and featureless interior with the image of object usually being black. Traditionally in the 18th century, silhouette is form of artwork and applied to potrait or other pictorial representations cut from thin black card. After 18th century, Silhouette image may be created in any artistic media, but the tradition of cutting potrait are from black card has continued into the 21st century.

            From its original graphic meaning, the term silhouette has beeb extended to descibe the sight or representation including of a person, object or scene that is backlit and appears dark when lighting in background. Anything that appears this way. To decribe as in silhouette we can define in  exampe a figure standing backlit in a doorway. Because a silhouette emphasises the outline. Silhouette also been use in the fields of fashion and fitness to desribe the shape of a person’s body or the shape created by wearing particular style of clothing  follow in period.

            The term silhouette derivers from the name of Etienne de Silhouette a French finance Minister in 1759 went he was forced by France’s credit crisis during the 7 Years War to impose severe economies demands upon and he particularly about the wealthy the French people. His name became eponymous with anything done or made cheaply and so with these ouline potraits. Prior to the advent of photography, silhouette proiles cut from black card were the cheapest way of recording a person’s appearance.

            In period history, the family name Silhouette is a French nation form of Basque, Ziloeta, Arnaud de Silhouette. His father was from Biarritz in the French Basque Country.

PROFILE POTRAITS SILHOUETTE

The advantage of the profile potraits is it depeds strongly upon the proportions and relationship of the bony structures of the face, forehead, and nose the image is clear and simple and appearance of the sitter with changes caused by age, weight and illness. Profile portraits have been employed in coinage since the Roman era. Renaissance era period saw a fashion for the painted profile potraits and many famous people such as leonardo de Medici were depicted in profile.

Another resource, indicates that where previous studies of face recognition habe been based on frontal views, studies with silhouettes show humans are able to extract accurate information about gender and age from the silhouette alone. This important concept for artists who design a characters for visual media, because the silhouette is the most immediately recognisable and identifiable shape of the character.

In traditional, a silhouette portrait can be painted or drawn and usually to creating a silhouette potraits is to cut them from lightweight black cardboard and mount on a pale (white backgroud). A tradisional silhouette portrait artists would cut the likeniss if a person, freehand within a few minutes. Some modern silhouette artists also make them from photohraphs of people taken in profile.

The work of Johanna Caspar Lavater, Physiognomist. In 18th Century, her used silhouettes to analyse facial types is thought to have promoted the art. One of the most famous silhouette artists. August Edouart was cut thousands of portraits in duplicate. His subject including French and British nobility and US presidents. Much of his personal collecting was lost in a shpwreck. In England, the best artist create a silhouette was John Miers, who travelled and worked in different cities but had a studop on the Strand in London.

In America, silhouettes were highly popular from 1790 to 1840. The invention of the camera signaled the end of the silhouette as a wedespread form of potrait picture. The  popularity of the silhouttle potraits is being reborn in a new generation of people who appreciate the silhouette as a nostalgia way of capturing a significant occasion. 20th century, in the America silhouette artists have websites advertising their services at weeding and other such function.
REFERENCE:
1. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silhouette
2.www.cutarts.com/
3.silhouettemachine.blogspot.com